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Manaus ((:mɐˈnaws) or (:mɐˈnawʃ)) or Manaós before 1939 or (formerly) Lugar de Barra do Rio Negro, is the capital city of the state of Amazonas in northern Brazil. It is situated at the confluence of the Negro and Solimões rivers. With a population of more than 2.0 million it is the most populous city of Amazonas,〔(Dados do Amazonas ) 〕 and also the most populous city of the Amazon rainforest. The city was founded in 1693–94 as the Fort of São José do Rio Negro. It was elevated to a town in 1832 with the name of "Manaus", an altered spelling of the indigenous Manaós peoples, and legally transformed into a city on October 24, 1848, with the name of ''Cidade da Barra do Rio Negro'', Portuguese for "The City of the Margins of Black River". On September 4, 1856 it returned to its original name.〔(About Manaus )〕 Manaus is located in the middle of the Amazon rainforest, and access to the city is primarily by boat or airplane. This isolation helped preserve both the nature as well as the culture of the city. The culture of Manaus, more than in any other urban area of Brazil, preserves the habits of Native Brazilian tribes. The city is the main entrance to visit the fauna and flora of the Brazilian Amazon. Few places in the world afford such a variety of plants, birds, insects, and fishes.〔(Manaus Guide )〕 It was known at the beginning of the century, as ''"Heart of the Amazon"'' and ''"City of the Forest"''.〔(Heart of The Amazon and City of the Forest )〕 Currently its main economic engine is the Industrial Pool of Manaus, the famous Free Economic Zone. The city has a free port and an international airport. Its manufactures include electronics, chemical products, and soap; there are distilling and ship construction industries. Manaus also exports Brazil nuts, rubber, jute and rosewood oil. It has a cathedral, opera house, zoological and botanical gardens, an ecopark and regional and native peoples museums.〔(Manaus - The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. 2013 )〕 With a population of 2 million people in 2014, Manaus is the most populous city in the Brazilian Amazon area and the 7th most populous in the country.〔(Manaus tem população estimada em 1,9 milhão de habitantes, diz IBGE ) 〕 Located on the north bank of the Negro River, above the meeting of the rivers where the Negro merges with the Solimões, Manaus is inland from the Atlantic Ocean. It is the hub of tourism for the rivers, the jungle lodges and the river cruises.〔(Manaus Go South America )〕 The Solimões and Negro rivers meet in Manaus and join to form the Amazon River (using the Brazilian definition of the river; elsewhere, Solimões is considered the upper part of the Amazon). Rubber made it the richest city in South America during the late 1800s. Rubber also helped Manaus earn its nickname, the ''"Paris of the Tropics"''. Many wealthy European families settled in Manaus and brought their love for sophisticated European art, architecture and culture with them. Manaus is also a duty-free zone, which has encouraged development in the region.〔(Manaus, Brazil - Amazon River )〕 Manaus was one of the host cities of the 2014 FIFA World Cup. It was the only host city in the Amazon rainforest and the most geographically isolated, being further north and west than any of the other host cities. == History == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Manaus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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